Canada’s goal of 1 million new permanent residents turning heads worldwide

Canada's goal of admitting more than a million new permanent residents by the end of 2021 is gaining new attention internationally.  

Recent reports by the BBC, CNN and others have highlighted how the three-year target is setting Canada apart on the global stage. As CNN reported, "Canada's friendly stance towards new residents comes as many other Western nations, including the United States, are adopting more restrictive immigration policies."

A New York Times opinion piece took it further, arguing the U.S. should be following Canada's example and increasing immigration for the sake of its "economic health."

This rationale lies at the heart of Canada's drive to raise its immigration levels. In his department's annual report to Parliament last fall, Canada's Minister of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship, Ahmed Hussen, said, "growing immigration levels, particularly in the Economic Class, will help us sustain our labour force, support economic growth and spur innovation."

Under Canada's latest three-year immigration levels plan, total immigration is expected to reach 350,000 new permanent residents in the year 2021. This represents an immigration level of nearly one per cent of Canada's population, which the Conference Board of Canada says must be reached by 2030 to ensure modest population and economic growth.

Nearly 60 per cent of all new permanent residents expected this year are slated to arrive through economic immigration programs. Of these, four programs — the three Federal High Skilled programs managed by Canada's Express Entry system and the Provincial Nominee Program (PNP) — are expected to account for nearly 75 per cent of all economic admissions.

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Among Canada's economic immigration programs, the three Express Entry-managed programs —  the Federal Skilled Worker Class, Federal Skilled Trades Class and Canadian Experience Class — have the highest target of 2019 at 81,400 new admissions.

Introduced in 2015, Canada's Express Entry system is tailored to favour immigration candidates who are young, highly educated, proficient in English or French and have skilled work experience. These are considered the ingredients for achieving success in Canada and maximizing a newcomer's contribution to the Canadian economy.

Government figures for January to October 2018 show software engineers and designers, information systems analysts and consultants, and computer programmers and interactive media developers leading the list of professionals invited to apply for Canadian permanent residence through Express Entry in 2018.

NOC	Top 10 Invited Occupations	2018 ITAs (as of Oct. 2018)	% of ITAs
2173	Software Engineers and designers	3,918	7%
2171	Information systems analysts and consultants	3,523	6%
2174	Computer Programmers and Interactive Media Developers	2,301	4%
1111	Financial auditor and accountants	1,581	3%
1241	Administrative assistants	1,455	3%
1123	Professional Occupations in Advertising, Marketing, and Public Relations	1,375	2%
1112	Financial and Investment Analysts	1,283	2%
4011	University professors and lecturers	1,265	2%
1122	Professional occupations in business management consulting	1,223	2%
0124	Advertising, marketing and public relations managers	1,138	2%

One of the reasons the Government of Canada introduced the Express Entry system was to expedite the processing of permanent resident applications for skilled workers. Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) says it is achieving its goal of a six-month processing time in 80 per cent of cases.

Canada's PNP is also slated to continue its impressive growth. The program works to spread the benefits of immigration among participating provinces and territories by allowing them to nominate economic immigration candidates for permanent residence.

The PNP has evolved from 233 new permanent resident admissions in 1996 to a target of 55,000 in 2018. Its 2019 target is 61,000, which will grow to 67,800 in 2020 and 71,300 in 2021.

Here's how Canada's PNP nomination allocation for 2018 was distributed across participating provinces and territories. Note that Quebec does not participate in the PNP so has no allocation.

Family reunification and refugees

Canada's three-year plan also calls for increases under its family and refugee and protected person immigration programs, which combined account for around 40 per cent of Canada's overall immigration targets over the next three years.

The federal government calls family reunification a "central pillar of Canada's immigration program" that "contributes to the economic, social and cultural prosperity of all Canadians."

Family sponsorship programs for spouses/common-law partners and children as well as parents and grandparents have a target of 88,500 in 2019 and 91,000 in both 2020 and 2021.

One of the draws of obtaining Canadian permanent residence is the ability to potentially sponsor additional family members for permanent residence in the future.

Canada will also maintain its commitments to refugees and vulnerable persons, despite an influx of asylum seekers in the last two years that has strained the government's resources.

In its annual report, IRCC noted the unprecedented levels of global displacement in 2017 and said its three-year plan will "accommodate more refugees looking to start new lives."

To this end, Canada has set an overall admissions target for refugees and protected person of 46,450 for 2019, which will grow to 51,700 in 2021.

"While many Western nations are moving to reduce immigration, Canada is going in the opposite direction," said David Cohen, senior partner at the Campbell Cohen Canadian immigration law firm in Montreal.

"This is good news for both Canadians and anyone who is hoping to make Canada their home because this country's future depends on immigration."

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